Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
From: Hepatitis B associated with severe COVID-19: a nationwide cohort study in Sweden
COVID-19 without HBV n = 847 822 | COVID-19 and HBV N=2902 | COVID-19 and HBV without cirrhosis n = 2805 | COVID-19 and HBV with cirrhosis n = 97 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) Mean (SD) | 44.3 (17.2) | 46.2 (13.3) | 45.7 (13.1) | 58.6 (12.0) |
Sex, No (%) | ||||
Male | 410 282 (48.4%) | 1602 (54.9%) | 1532 (54.7%) | 70 (72.2%) |
Female | 437 540 (51.6%) | 1313 (45.1%) | 1286 (45.3%) | 27 (27.8%) |
Vaccination prior to COVID-19, No (%) | ||||
No | 1 042 055 (98.9%) | Too few | 2 775 (98.9%) | Too few |
Yes | 9 179 (1.1%) | Too few | 30 (1.1%) | Too few |
Region of birth, no (%) | ||||
Northern Europe | 655 207 (77.3%) | 326 (11.2%) | 304 (10.8%) | 22 (22.7%) |
Rest of Europe | 37 301 (4.4%) | 267 (9.2%) | 257 (9.1%) | 10 (10.3%) |
Asia | 99 934 (11.8%) | 1 401 (48.3%) | 1 364 (48.5%) | 37 (38.1%) |
Africa | 16 732 (2.0%) | 499 (17.2%) | 481 (17.2%) | 18 (18.6%) |
America | 11 223 (1.2%) | 12 (0.4%) | 10 (0.3%) | 2 (2.1%) |
Other/missing | 27 425 (3.2%) | 397 (13.7%) | 389 (13.9%) | 8 (8.2%) |
wCCI (excl liver disease) No (%) | ||||
0 | 792 838 (93.5%) | 2392 (82.4%) | 2334 (83.2%) | 58 (59.8%) |
1–2 | 30 468 (3.6%) | 339 (11.7%) | 333 (11.9%) | 5 (5.5%) |
3–4 | 8 108 (1.0%) | 62 (2.1%) | 55 (2.0%) | 7 (7.2%) |
>=5 | 16 408 (1.9%) | 109 (3.8%) | 82 (2.9%) | 27 (27.8%) |
Level of education, No (%) | ||||
<9 years | 133 270 (15.7%) | 870 (30.0%) | 829 (29.6%) | 41 (42.3%) |
10–12 years | 369 765 (43.6%) | 1 153 (39.7%) | 1 122 (40.0%) | 31 (32.0%) |
>12 years | 325 070 (38.3%) | 733 (25.3%) | 715 (25.5%) | 18 (18.6%) |
Missing | 19 717 (2.3%) | 146 (5.0%) | 139 (5.0%) | 7 (7.2%) |
Income, No (%) | ||||
Lowest | 140 840 (16.6%) | 1 099 (37.9%) | 1 047 (37.3%) | 52 (53.6%) |
Low | 169 976 (20.0%) | 715 (24.%) | 698 (24.9%) | 17 (17.5%) |
Middle | 174 817 (20.6%) | 495 (17.1%) | 485 (17.3%) | 10 (10.3%) |
High | 176 063 (20.8%) | 321 (11.1%) | 311 (11.1%) | 10 (10.3%) |
Highest | 175 478 (20.7%) | 215 (7.4%) | 207 (7.4%) | 8 (8.2%) |
Missing | 10 648 (1.3%) | 57 (2.0%) | 57 (2.0%) | 0 |